TNF and inflammatory response: The process involves the activation of synoviocytes, inflammatory cells infiltration in synovium, and the increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), and interleukin 6 (IL-6), leading to chronic localized synovial and systemic inflammation, joints pain, as well as cartilage and bone erosion [12].