In subgroup analyses of DFS, the benefit was observed in the EGFR-TKI group versus the chemotherapy group (HR 0.50, 95% CI 0.30–0.84; P = 0.009), the EGFR-TKI combined with chemotherapy group versus the chemotherapy group (HR 0.37, 95% CI 0.16–0.85; P = 0.02), and in stage IIA–IIIA NSCLC (HR 0.45, 95% CI 0.27–0.74; P = 0.002). The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.