In this meta-analysis, the overall DFS of stage IIA–IIIA NSCLC was significantly prolonged in the EGFR-TKI group, with a HR of 0.45 (P = 0.002), showing that the risk of disease recurrence or death decreased by 55% in the adjuvant EGFR-TKI group compared with the non-EGFR-TKI-treated group. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.