TWIST1 and cancer: Several cytokines and growth factors such as IL‐6, TGF‐β, WNT, and EGF presented in the tumor microenvironment were reported to increase the expression of TWIST1 transcriptionally, which could repress E‐cadherin expression and then induce EMT in cancer cells.[4, 8] On the other hand, the protein turnover and activation of TWIST1 could be regulated by the post‐translational modification of ubiquitin.