In an in-vitro study [58], celastrol significantly reduced IL-1β-induced expression of pro-inflammatory molecules (IL‐6, IL‐8, prostaglandin E2, cyclooxygenase-2 [COX-2], intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 [ICAM-1]) in TAO-OF. This evidence concerns the gene PTGS2 and thromboangiitis obliterans.