First, we compared the frequencies of peripheral CD24hiCD38hi transitional B cells in CD19+B cells, CD24hiCD27+ B10 B cells in CD19+B cells, Tfh in CD4+T cells, and Tregs in CD4+T cells between anti-NMDAR encephalitis, NMOSD, IIH, and HC. This evidence concerns the gene CD4 and viral encephalitis.