Recently, biologics targeting inflammatory mediators have improved the disease management of IBD, allowing more mucosal healing and reducing surgery rates in patients with moderate to severe IBD.170,171 Anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) agents (infliximab, adalimumab), interleukin 12 and 23 antibody (ustekinumab), and an α4β7 integrin antibody (vedolizumab) are currently available both for CD and UC in the United Kingdom. Here, TNF is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.