To examine the differences in the operation of mitochondrial energy pathways between WT and Casp11–/– macrophages stimulated by NAFLD, gut derived endotoxins LPS, related (93, 128) proinflammatory saturated fatty acid palmitic acid using the method reported (93), we performed extracellular metabolic flux analysis. This evidence concerns the gene SCAF11 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.