In addition, MCFAs can mediate inflammatory responses by activating GPR84 and TLR-2 (51), promoting proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 production of the immune cell (52), and facilitating the rapid initiation of immune responses to clear pathogens, which may play an important role in alleviating the high stress and infection risk faced by cows during calving (53). Here, TLR2 is linked to infection.