Studies have shown that ILC1s cannot control the growth or metastasis of local tumors, whereas NK cells favor tumor monitoring, possibly because transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling can convert NK cells into intermediate-ILC1s and ILC1s in the tumor microenvironment to drive immune system evasion (7, 8). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is neoplasm.