A significant positive correlation was found between the total infection frequency and intact nef infection frequency for DN cells (r=0.65, 95% CI: 0.21, 0.87; p=0.008) and PD-1+ cells (r=0.87, 95% CI: 0.64, 0.95; p=<0.0001) (Supplementary Figure 3A, B). Here, S100B is linked to infection.