We have recently demonstrated that in a hospital-based case-control study, vanadium exposure posed a significant risk for current asthma, particularly for severe asthma, and that its urinary level correlated with the levels of Nε-(hexanoyl)-lysine (HEL; an oxidative stress marker) and circulating IL-8, as well as with the 3- and 7-day accumulated levels of ambient PM2.5 prior to the clinical visit (12). Here, CXCL8 is linked to asthma.