MMP9 and colorectal carcinoma: Histone demethylase (JMJD2D) and β-catenin interacts physically (JMJD2D demethylates H3K9me3 on the promoter of β-catenin target genes), which increases the promoter activity of target genes (including MMP-2 and MMP-9) of β-catenin; activates transcription of MMP-2, MMP-9, and others; and ultimately cause CRC cells to proliferate, migrate and invade, and form colorectal tumors in mice (270).