TNF and ischemia: In this paper, OGD/reoxygenation (OGD/R) and TNFα activated pyroptosis in bEnd.3 cells and cleaved caspase1 and GSDMD-N expression significantly rose in OGD/R (or TNFα) treatment cells compared with normal cells, indicating the pyroptotic process of OGD (ischemia) and TNFα treatment EC in the stage of reoxygenation (reperfusion).