With the coupling of rhTSH and TSHR, the downstream pathways, such as the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA) pathway and protein kinase B (PKB)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway (13), are activated or inactivated to accumulate radioiodine to abolish cancer cells in ATC (14, 15). The gene discussed is TSHR; the disease is cancer.