Current research indicates that the great majority of COMMD proteins, such as COMMD2 (21), COMMD3 (22), COMMD4 (18), COMMD7 (7), COMMD8 (24) and COMMD9 (20), are up-regulated in tumor cells and promote tumor proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. This evidence concerns the gene COMMD9 and neoplasm.