To better mimic the TME of RCC, we utilized a preclinical model, in which immunocompromised NCG mice were implanted with RCC PDXs followed by tumor‐specific CD8+ T cell transfer (Figure 7A).[29, 33] A specific siRNA targeting EHBP1L1 was employed to investigate the effect of EHBP1L1 inhibition on anti‐PD‐1 therapy in a humanized immune system model (Figure 7B). This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and renal cell carcinoma.