TNFSF10 and melanoma: Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) selectively induces apoptosis in cancer cells via engagement of its cognate receptor, death receptor 5 (DR5).1 However, a significant number of cancer cells are resistant to TRAIL; particularly some highly malignant cancers such as melanoma and pancreatic cancer.2,3 Several novel drugs targeting TRAIL receptors are currently in clinical trials,4 though TRAIL resistance limits their effectiveness.