Familial forms of ALS are due to rare mutations in genes such as TAR DNA-Binding Protein (TARDBP), Superoxide Dismutase 1 (SOD1), FUS RNA Binding Protein (FUS), and C9orf72-SMCR8 Complex Subunit (C9orf72) (Abhinav et al. 2007; Greenway et al. 2006; Ticozzi et al. 2011; Valdmanis and Rouleau 2008). The gene discussed is TARDBP; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.