CASP9 and hydrops fetalis: In testicular tissue, messenger RNAs regulating inflammation (CASP1, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, CD86, and NLR3P), apoptosis (CASP3 and CASP9), DNA repair (PARP1), and androgen receptor (AR) were generally higher in the testicles of both HF- and FE-treated animals vs. controls (Table S1).