MAPK1 and neoplasm: The ERK pathway is critical to the multistep development of several human tumors, which relates to the cell proliferation, differentiation, and cell cycle, promotion of cell survival through Bcl-2 family proteins, and the contribution of cell invasion through MMP [77], while PI3K/Akt manages cell metabolism, growth, proliferation, and tumor development [78,79,80,81,82,83].