CXCR4 and HIV-1 infection: From a pathophysiological standpoint, since the discovery of its role in HIV-1 infection [11], CXCR4 has been involved in a variety of diseases, including inflammatory diseases [21,22], autoimmune diseases [23], primary immunodeficiencies (e.g., the WHIM syndrome [24,25]) and several types of hematological malignancies and solid tumors [18,26], highlighting its role as a promising therapeutic target.