The effect of galactose-mediated targeting was underscored by behavioral studies in the APP/PS1 double transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease, which showed that in contrast to mice treated with non-galactose-modified nanoparticles, mice treated with the galactose-decorated anti-BACE1 siRNA-loaded nanoparticles achieved the performance of normal, healthy WT mice in the novel object recognition test [69]. The gene discussed is BACE1; the disease is Alzheimer disease.