JUN and lung adenocarcinoma: As shown in Figure 5E, ERK and c-jun protein levels were not heavily affected upon LAD1 knockdown, but their phosphorylation levels were markedly reduced in LAD1-deficient cells, particularly upon EGF treatment, suggesting that LAD1 may mediate the interplay and transmission of EGF and K-Ras signals in lung adenocarcinoma cells.