INS and diabetes mellitus: Bearing the facts in mind, the participants in cluster 1 who developed diabetes showed declines in the compensatory increased insulin secretion (from 129.9 ± 26.4 to 99.2 ± 20.3, p = 0.029), without a concomitant decrease in insulin resistance (change from 1.47 ± 0.39 to 1.84 ± 0.98, p = 0.340) during the 5-year follow-up period.