In summary, the chemokine/cytokine profile in OSA patients with concomitant diseases indicates the inflammatory status in overlap syndrome, as shown by increased levels of pro-inflammatory proteins (CCL11, CD-40 ligand) and decreased anti-inflammatory protein (IL-10), and in diabetes, as shown by increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TRIAL). Here, CD40 is linked to obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.