PDIA3 and Alzheimer disease: In particular, during the mild phase of AD-like pathology (6 months of age) the reduced levels of PDIA3 might be associated with the decreased capacity of the ER to process the intraneuronal Aβ immunoreactivity; conversely, in the late phase of the disease (18 months of age) the increased levels of PDIA3 might be related to the progression of AD.