Scientific literature reports that rising NAD+ levels influence several different conditions and illnesses, such as metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and/or insulin sensitivity [27,53,71,86], cancer [2,51,130,131,132], cardiovascular disease [75,133,134,135,136,137], neurodegeneration [138,139,140], renal function [141,142] and Alzheimer’s disease [77,143]. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.