Interestingly, septal defects have been observed when both DSCAM and COL6A1 are co-expressed in the murine heart, indicating that the overexpression of these two genes may exert synergistic effects on cardiac defects [33], even though Kosaki et al. argued that triplication of the DSCAM gene alone might be the cause of cardiac defects in DS [34]. Here, DSCAM is linked to Dravet syndrome.