As recently reviewed [24,147], several lines of evidence indicate that elevated leptin levels in obese males increase SNA and can, if it occurs, contribute to hypertension: (1) increases in MSNA correlate with leptin and adiposity levels in humans [24,148,149,150,151]; (2) nonspecific blockade of the ArcN or PVN decreased SNA and blood pressure in obese rodents [152,153]; and (3) selective blockade of LepR, including specifically in the ArcN, decreased SNA and blood pressure in obese animals [21,154,155]. The gene discussed is LEP; the disease is hypertensive disorder.