Momentum for uncovering novel therapeutic strategies to treat this cancer continued to build with the dawn of the current century and the discovery of the proteasome blocker bortezomib and the thalidomide derivatives lenalidomide and pomalidomide, and more recently, the influx of immunologic-based therapies directed against the myeloma cell-specific surface biomarkers CD38 and BCMA. Here, CD38 is linked to plasma cell myeloma.