ESM1 and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: A recent 2022 systematic review by Gaspar et al., building upon the work of De Luca Canto et al., after evaluating 16 studies concerning 2156 individuals, found that the most promising candidates for biomarkers for OSA diagnosis were Endocan and YKL-40 in the serum, Interleukin-6 and Vimentin in the plasma, and mRNA concentrations of a disintegrin and metalloprotease domain 29 (ADAM29), Fibronectin Leucine Rich Transmembrane Protein 2 (FLRT2), and Solute Carrier Family 18 Member A3(SLC18A3) in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) [31].