Analogically, Arellano-Orden et al., who investigated different APRs in patients with COPD and healthy controls, found no relationships between SAA and other markers in either of the groups; however, these authors were able to identify a cluster of SAA, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and procalcitonin in COPD patients, also indicating the value of SAA assessment but in combination with other inflammatory markers [16]. The gene discussed is SAA1; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.