Specifically, the FTO gene has already been correlated with neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders, such as structural malformations and functional deficiencies of the brain, growth retardation, psychomotor retardation, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) [184,185,186]; meanwhile, an increasing number of studies also highlight the link between this specific eraser and neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) [187,188,189], Parkinson’s disease (PD) [190,191] and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (Table 4) [192]. The gene discussed is FTO; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.