Later trials, starting in 2006 with the dual PPARα/γ agonist aleglitazar (Synchrony, AleCardio, and Aleprevent randomized clinical trials), showed no significant improvement of cardiovascular disease but multiple negative side effects such as oedema, hemodilution, weight gain in the Synchrony trial [104], renal dysfunction and heart failure in the AleCardio trial [105]. Here, PPARA is linked to heart failure.