Interestingly, the role of neutrophils in this context seemed to partially rely on neutrophil elastase, given that its deficiency (using a knockout murine model) improved the lipid profile and reduced hepatic damage (reduced transaminase activity, steatosis and NAS) as well as liver inflammation (decreased macrophage infiltration, TNFα and MCP-1 expression) [59]. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and neonatal abstinence syndrome.