Underdiagnosed state, familial defective apolipoprotein B-100 and an autosomal dominant genetic disorder of lipid metabolism are also associated with hyperlipidemia and an elevated risk of atherosclerosis; however, the elevation of LDL is usually milder than that of familial hypercholesterolemia (caused by a mutation in the receptor for LDL). The gene discussed is APOB; the disease is atherosclerosis.