NFKB1 and colitis: Similarly, the use of chlorogenic acid was tested in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells and DSS-induced colitis, and the results showed that it exhibited protective effects against colitis by blocking miR-155-dependent activation of the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway and downregulating the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 [73].