A randomized, prospective clinical utility trial of the EPI test involving 942 patients undergoing an initial prostate biopsy after abnormal PSA found that there was a 30% higher detection of high-grade prostate cancer, and 49% fewer high-grade CaP were missed when compared to the control (SOC) in men with positive EPI scores [25]. Here, KLK3 is linked to prostate carcinoma.