ERBB2 and breast cancer: In addition, as the suppression of dhCer levels by 4-HPR was associated with HER2-driven anchorage-independent survival (AIS) in HER2+ SKBR3 cell lines and the DES1 expression was necessary and sufficient to acquire and drive AIS in breast epithelial cells so to increase tumorigenicity in HER2+ BC cells, it has been concluded that DES1 may have utility as a biomarker of aggressive and metastasis-prone HER2+ BC and targeting DES1 may be an effective approach for overcoming AIS.