The downregulation of OCT1 in liver cancer was confirmed in another study on 53 Caucasian patients diagnosed with primary HCC, in which it was found that the lower the expression level of OCT1, the worse the patient outcome, and that the degree of downregulation of OCT1 was associated with an advanced stage of the disease [76]. This evidence concerns the gene SLC22A1 and hepatocellular carcinoma.