CD4 and relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: In contrast to restoring immunometabolic changes, another study found that in RRMS patients, dimethyl fumarate treatment supressed the antioxidant capacity of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells through modulation of mitochondrial metabolism resulting in an increase in mitochondrial ROS, in turn inducing a mitochondrial stress response and ultimately increased apoptosis, which especially affected memory T cells [86].