Furthermore, direct adhesive contacts with MSCs and a number of cytokines (e.g., TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and BAFF) released by these cells contribute to induce NF-κB activation and to render MM cells resistant both to PI and/or IMiDs, suggesting the possibility to combine these drugs with NF-κB inhibitors and/or antibodies blocking these soluble factors [69]. This evidence concerns the gene TNFSF13B and Miyoshi myopathy.