TP53 and cancer: As reported by the Indian Project Team of the International Cancer Genome consortium [30], the mutational landscape of oral SCC (gingivo-buccal sites) is characterized by frequently mutated specific cancer-relevant genes such as USP9X, MLL4, ARID2, UNCBC, and TRPM3, while other frequently mutated cancer-relevant genes such as TP53, FAT1, CASP8, HRAS, and NOTCH1 are common to all head and neck SCCs [30,31]; and a study that profiled cancer-related gene mutations in oral SCC of Japanese patients revealed that the most frequent mutations were TP53 (62%), NOTCH 1 (26%), and CDKN2A (19%) [32].