VIM and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma: Moreover, human ccRCC samples retrieved from TCGA using the cBioPortal platform showed that SPOCK1 gene expression was positively correlated with mesenchymal-related genes, CDH2 (N-cadherin), FN1 (fibronectin), and VIM (vimentin), and negatively correlated with epithelial-related genes, CDH1 (E-cadherin), OCLN (occludin), and TJP1 (tight junction protein 1) (Figure 3C), suggesting that SPOCK1 might modulate the progression of ccRCC via EMT induction.