Our present study also demonstrated that rSPOCK1 treatment could induce Akt activation in Caki-1 and 786-O cells, suggesting that PI3K/Akt signaling activation by SPOCK1 may be one of the causes for SPOCK1-mediated upregulation of Snail family members which induces ccRCC cell motility. Here, SPOCK1 is linked to nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.