Richard et al. [24]: a single-center prospective study comparing the urinary levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), PGE2, transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGFβ-1) and the tissue inhibitor of metallopeptidase 2 (TIMP-2) between NLUTD patients of different neurogenic etiology (multiple sclerosis n = 6, SCI n = 20, spina bifida n = 15). The gene discussed is BDNF; the disease is spina bifida.