More specifically, in the field of prostate cancer there are currently commercially available urine tests evaluating the presence of various miRNAs, such as PCA3 (prostate cancer gene 3), HOXC6 and DLX1 miRNAs or TMPRSS2:ERG, which are used in the diagnosis or surveillance of men with prostate cancer [54,55,56,57,58]. The gene discussed is ERG; the disease is prostate carcinoma.