The secretion of both pro-fibrotic and inflammatory factors, such as transforming growth factor alpha, TGF-β1, fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), platelet-derived growth factor and epidermal growth factor, is orchestrated by cancer cells, and they can induce differentiation of stromal cells into cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) to support tumor growth [16]. Here, TGFB1 is linked to cancer.