Preclinical studies showed that SGLT2is have direct vasodilatory effects on pulmonary circulation that may influence the subsequent risk of pulmonary disease [46, 47]; empagliflozin exhibited pulmonary protective effects after pulmonary ischemia or reperfusion injury in vivo.[48] In addition, SGLT2is facilitate glucose homeostasis of the ASL by reducing glucose movement into the ASL by transcellular pathways via an insulin-independent glucose-lowering mechanism [6, 49]; insulin treatment was previously reported to stimulate cellular glucose uptake [6]. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is lung disorder.