Other small studies have shown that in Scandinavian APS-1 patients, PAI seems to be associated with HLA-DRB1*03, alopecia with HLA-DRB1*04-DQB1*0302, and that HLA-DRB1*15-DQB1*0602 is apparently protective against type 1 diabetes [55]. Here, HLA-DRB1 is linked to alopecia.