Patients were subsequently divided into chromothripsis (n=68) and non-chromothripsis (n=80) groups, and follow-up GSEA revealed that many pathways related to anti-tumor immunity, e.g., MHC class II complex, cytokine activity, and the IFN-γ response, were significantly underrepresented in the chromothripsis group (Figure 1A). Here, IFNG is linked to neoplasm.