CD274 and neoplasm: The tumor-cell-related biomarkers of interest to perioperative immunotherapy include PD-L1, TMB, the DNA–damage response (DDR) pathway, the homology-dependent recombination (HR) pathway, homologous recombination deficiency (HRD), specific genetic mutations (e.g., the interferon gamma pathway, KRAS, and STK11 mutations), and neo-antigens.